Nut-lock.



Patented my le, |901.

No. 678,4I5.

W. B. MALLORY, I L. ULLAIHORNE &, J. G. DEADERICK.

NUT LUCK.

(Appentinn #hd Ot. 23 1900.)

um um.)

IINiTnD STATES Barmer Ormes'.

WILLIAM B. MALLORY, JOSEP'I-I ULLATI-IORNE, AND JOIIN GARLAND DEADERIOK,OF MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE.

NUT-LOCK.

srncrrronfrron forming part of Letters ratene No. 678,41 5, dated July1c, 1901.

Application filed October Z3, 1900.

To @ZZ whom, t may concern.'

Be it known that we,W1LLIAM B. MALLORY, JOSEPH L. ULLATHORNE, and JOHNGARLAND DEADERIGK, citizens of the United States, residing at Memphis,Shelby county, State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Nut-Locks, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in nut-locks, and especially tothat class of locks in which an elastic Washer is used havingspring-tongues struck up therefrom, the same adapted to be depressed bythe nut as it rotates forward and to engage the sides of the nut toprevent its backward motion or unscrewing. Such a lock is shown in ourpending application, Serial No. 26,089, led August 6, 1900, on whichsome of the features of this lock are intended as improvements, ashereinafter set forth.

The objects of our invention are, iirst, to

lprovide a positive lock to prevent the nut from unscrewing; second, toprovide a positive lock which may be unlocked if so desired, and, third,to provide an elastic seat for the nut having great strength andelasticity, which will bind and cut into the piece on which it does notturn, and will at the same time reiard the tightening rotation of thenut as little as possiblel 'With these objects in view our inventionconsists in the novel combination and arrangement of the parts, as willbe more fully hereinafter set forth in the drawings, speciiication, andclaims.'

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective View of our locking-washer.Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 to show the cupping of thetongues D. Fig. 3 is'a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. l to show theinclination of the locking-tongue B. 4 is a side elevation of a sectionof a standard T-rail, showing position and action of an unlocking-toolwhere the lockis used in railroad-work. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevationof Fig. 4 looking from left to right. Fig. 6 is a sectional view, on areduced scale, taken'on the line 6 6 of Fig. 4.

Referring now to the drawings, 'in which like letters indicate likeparts in all the views, A is a washer, made of spring metal, havingmetal softer than the spring. therefore, that we secure in these spring-Serial No. 34,048. (No model.)

a bolt-hole P punched nearer one end than the other and having radialslots cut outward from the hole and alternate tongues D bent down. Thetongues E, between the tongues D, are left unbent to preserve the shapeof the bolt-hole and hold the washer in place on the bolt, the purposeof the tongues D being to form a spring-seat for the nut to take upexpansion and wear and where used on wood or other soft material to cutin and prevent rotation of the washer.

By referring to Figf2 the construction of the spring tongues may readilybe seen. These are cupped so that the points d seat on the piece to beheld by the bolt and nut, which piece forces the tongues D upwardrelatively to the washer as the nut is screwed down until the nut comesto a bearing on the center of the tongues at cl and finally seats uponthe entire top surface of the locking-washer. By this construction ofthe tongues D we preserve the shape of the boltehole, secure a longspring to give a considerable range of elasticity, and by the cuppingshown a very powerful one. We secure, in addition, the biting or holdingeffect of the sharp edges d of the tongues and are enabled to dispensewith other means of preventing the rotation of the washer when same isused on wood or any The results,

tongues are 'great strength and range of spring, great holding power,and practically no distortion of the hole or washer.

B and O are the spring locking-tongues, which are arranged in closeproximity to each other, as described in our pending applica-v tion,SerialNo. 26,089, filed August 6, 1900, for the purpose of allowing themto be simultaneously depressed and held to allow the unscrewing of thenut, as therein set forth. In addition to this arrangement of thesetongues they have their inner edges and corners b c lower thanl theouter corners b c', so that when a tool is applied on the corners b' andc to depress the locking-tongues B and C the corners b 4and c arebrought down first and flush with the face of the washer to allow thenut to pass over them as it is unscrewed. This feature is best shown inFig. 3, in which the diverging dash-and-dot lines IOO show clearly theconstruction of the lockingtongues. It will be understood in thisconnection that these tongues differ from those shown in our pendingapplication mentioned only in the inclination of the tongues, whichinclination we have found to be of great practical advantage.

In Figs. 4, 5, and 6 we show one specific use of our washer inrailroaduse. In these views, N is an ordinary T-rail, and O theangle-bar on the nut side, (the opposite bar not being shown except inFig. 6.) F is the bolt, G the nut, and H (shown by long dash-lines) isthe bolt-head on the opposite side. The short dash and dotted linesindicate the tool used in this case to depress the lockingtongues, thedotted lines showing hidden parts of the tool, which consist of a bar I,having an L-shaped foot-piece L and being pivoted at .Ito a piece K,which extends over the top of the rail and is adjustably fastened into apiece M on the opposite side thereof. This piece M fits under thebolt-head H, as shown, to hold the tool in place. By reference to Fig.5, in which the depressing-tool I is shown just engaging the tongue B atb, it will be seen that pressure on the L-shaped extension L will causethe bar I to come against the two corners b' and c and will therebydepress the tongues B and C and allow the removal of the nut. Fig. ishows that this tool comes outside of the circle X swept over by the nutand yet catches on the locking-tongues, as before stated. Reference toFig. G will show that the spring-points D rest against the angle-bar anddo not drop into any opening or hole therein. It will also be noted thatonly one angle-bar has an oval hole, the other on the nut side fittingclose around the bolt, as is common practice now in railroad-work. Allwashers, therefore, which depend on tongues projecting into thebolt-hole to prevent their rotation are practically barred. We depend onthe biting effect ofthe spring-tongues and on the straight sides of thewasher for this purpose. Our tongues D are used, ,as before stated,primarily for their spring action and depend on the hole in theangle-bar being of practically the bolt diameter or only slightly largerto secure this. These tongues have, therefore, absolutely nothing incommon with washers which project into the bolt-hole.

Vhile our washer, as before stated, is intended for various uses, it hasbeen thought suficient to show a view of the tool used for depressingthe locking points in railroadwork, more especially since this toolforms no integral part of the lock and is entirely distinct therefrom.

While we have shown and described the spring-tongues D as alternatetongues depressed, it is not intended by such description to limitourselves to alternate tongues,

but, on the contrary, we Wish it distinctly understood that we desireand reserve the right to turn down all the tongues D, so long as We formsame by cutting outward from the bolt-hole and cupping same; as shownand described, and we Wish it further understood that We do not in anyway limit or confine ourselves by the number of such tongues shown or bythe number of locking-tongues, one only or any number of which may beused, if so desired.

Ve do not claim, broadly, the use of the locking-tongues on one side ofthe bolt-hole in proximity to each other, but the inclining of suolitongues toward the bolt-hole, as described. We further Wish itdistinctly understood that it is not our intention to limit ourselves toany specific use of this nut-lock, but to make use of same in any andall ways in which nuts and bolts are now used.

Having fully described our invention, what we claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent ot' the United States, is-

1. A nut-lock comprising a washer provided with nut-engaging means,tongues upon said washer for preventing its turning, formed by cuttingoutwardly from the bolt-hole and depressing the tongues thus formed, thecorners of each tongue being further curved downwardly to shoulder thewasher against movement in either direction, substantially as described.

2. A nut-lock comprising a washer having nut-locking means, a springcenter formed by cutting outward from 'the bolt-hole and depressingalternate tongues thus formed, the corners ot the said tongues beingarched downwardly to form biting-points adapted to hold the washeragainst movement in either direction, substantially as described.

3. A washer nut-lock formed with nut-locking tongues on one side, andwasher-holding means on the other side comprising arched tongues bent toone side of the said washer, having biting-points adapted to shoulderthe washer against movement in either direction, substantially asdescribed.

4. A washer nut-lock, formed with arched holding spring tongues bentoutwardly around the bolt-hole of the Washer, and having broadnut-locking tongues adapted to eX- tend sufiiciently far beyond thesweep of the nut to be capable of depression byan implement, while thenut is unscrewedby a suitable wrench, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM B. MALLORY. JCE. L. ULLATHORNE. JOHN GARLAND DEADERICK.

Witnesses:

T. F. KEELEY, C. W. HEisKELL.

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